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From: In J2EE application, modules are packaged as EAR, JAR and WAR based on their functionality JAR: EJB modules which contain enterprise java beans (class files) and EJB deployment descriptor are packed as JAR files with.jar extenstion WAR: Web modules which contain Servlet class files, JSP Files, supporting files, GIF and HTML files are packaged as JAR file with.war (web archive) extension EAR: All above files (.jar and.war) are packaged as JAR file with.ear (enterprise archive) extension and deployed into Application Server. A WAR (Web Archive) is a module that gets loaded into a of a. A Java Application Server has two containers (runtime environments) - one is a Web container and the other is a EJB container.

The Web container hosts Web applications based on JSP or the Servlets API - designed specifically for web request handling - so more of a request/response style of distributed computing. A Web container requires the Web module to be packaged as a WAR file - that is a special JAR file with a web.xml file in the WEB-INF folder.

An EJB container hosts Enterprise java beans based on the EJB API designed to provide extended business functionality such as declarative transactions, declarative method level security and multiprotocol support - so more of a RPC style of distributed computing. EJB containers require EJB modules to be packaged as JAR files - these have a ejb-jar.xml file in the META-INF folder. Enterprise applications may consist of one or more modules that can either be Web modules (packaged as a WAR file) or EJB modules (packaged as a JAR file) or both of them. Enterprise applications are packaged as EAR files - these are special JAR files containing an application.xml file in the META-INF folder. Basically EAR files are a superset containing WAR files and JAR files. Java Application Servers allow deployment of standalone web modules in a WAR file, though internally they create EAR files as a wrapper around WAR files.

Standalone web containers such as Tomcat and Jetty do not support EAR files - these are not full fledged Application servers. Web applications in these containers are to be deployed as WAR files only.

In application servers - EAR files contain configurations such as application security role mapping, EJB reference mapping and context root url mapping of web modules. Apart from Web modules and EJB modules EAR files can also contain connector modules packaged as RAR files and Client modules packaged as JAR files. War - web archive. It is used to deploy web applications according to the servlet standard. It is a jar file containing a special directory called WEB-INF and several files and directories inside it (web.xml, lib, classes) as well as all the HTML, JSP, images, CSS, JavaScript and other resources of the web application ear - enterprise archive.

It is used to deploy enterprise application containing EJBs, web applications, and 3rd party libraries. It is also a jar file, it has a special directory called APP-INF that contains the application.xml file, and it contains jar and war files. Refer: tar (tape archives) - Format used is file written in serial units of fileName, fileSize, fileData - no compression. Can be huge Jar (java archive) - compression techniques used - generally contains java information like class/java files. But can contain any files and directory structure war (web application archives) - similar like jar files only have specific directory structure as per JSP/Servlet spec for deployment purposes ear (enterprise archives) - similar like jar files. Have directory structure following J2EE requirements so that it can be deployed on J2EE application servers. - can contain multiple JAR and WAR files.

Ear files provide more options to configure the interaction with the application server. For example: if the hibernate version of the application server is older than the one provided by your dependencies, you can add the following to ear-deployer-jboss-beans.xml for JBOSS to isolate classloaders and avoid conflicts: true or to src/main/application/META-INF/jboss-app.xml: loader=nameofyourear.ear java2ParentDelegation=false This will make sure that there is no classloader conflict between your application and the application server. Normally the classloader mechanism works like this: When a class loading request is presented to a class loader, it first asks its parent class loader to fulfill the request. The parent, in turn, asks its parent for the class until the request reaches the top of the hierarchy. If the class loader at the top of the hierarchy cannot fulfill the request, then the child class loader that called it is responsible for loading the class. By isolating the classloaders, your ear classloader will not look in the parent (=JBoss / other AS classloader). As far is I know, this is not possible with war files.

J2EE defines three types of archives: • Java Archives (JAR) A JAR file encapsulates one or more Java classes, a manifest, and a descriptor. JAR files are the lowest level of archive. JAR files are used in J2EE for packaging EJBs and client-side Java Applications.

• Web Archives (WAR) WAR files are similar to JAR files, except that they are specifically for web applications made from Servlets, JSPs, and supporting classes. • Enterprise Archives (EAR) ”An EAR file contains all of the components that make up a particular J2EE application.

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—Brewster Kahle, Founder, Internet Archive. Dear Internet Archive Supporter, I ask only once a year: please help the Internet Archive today.

We’re an independent, non-profit website that the entire world depends on. Our work is powered by donations averaging about $41. If everyone chips in $5, we can keep this going for free.

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